Supination describes the motion of turning the palm anteriorly (Fig. 1.14). Most often these motions occur with the hands in front of the body to accommodate grasping and holding types of activities, so supination is considered turning the palm of the hand upward, and pronation is considered turning the palm downward.
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What muscle turns the palm down?
pronator teres
The pronator quadratus muscle is found in the forearm just below the wrist. It has two heads, arising from the ulna and inserting onto the radius. With the pronator teres, the pronator quadratus allows us to twist our forearm into the palm-down position (pronation).
What is the term giving for turning the palm downward?
Pronation is the motion that moves the forearm from the supinated (anatomical) position to the pronated (palm backward) position.
Where are the trap muscles?
The trapezius is a muscle that starts at the base of your neck, goes across your shoulders and extends to the middle of your back. The trapezius (traps muscle) helps you move your head, neck, arms, shoulders and torso. It also stabilizes your spine and helps with posture.
Which muscle is named for the muscle action of turning the palm posteriorly?
Anatomical terms of muscle
The pronator teres is a muscle (located mainly in the forearm) that, along with the pronator quadratus, serves to pronate the forearm (turning it so that the palm faces posteriorly when from the anatomical position).
What is inversion movement?
Inversion and eversion refer to movements that tilt the sole of the foot away from (eversion) or towards (inversion) the midline of the body. Eversion is the movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane. Inversion is the movement of the sole towards the median plane.
What action causes the palm of the hand to face up?
supination
Pronation and supination are a pair of unique movements possible only in the forearms and hands, allowing the human body to flip the palm either face up or face down. The muscles, bones, and joints of the human forearm are specifically arranged to permit these unique and important rotations of the hands.
What is retraction movement?
Retraction Movement
Retraction is the opposite movement. It causes the shoulder blades to move back (posteriorly) and toward the body’s midline (medially). This movement is known as a posteromedial movement.
What is the trapezius action?
The function of the trapezius is to stabilize and move the scapula. The upper fibers can elevate and upwardly rotate the scapula and extend the neck. The middle fibers adduct (retract) the scapula. The lower fibers depress and aid the upper fibers in upwardly rotating the scapula.
What do traps do?
The trapezius, commonly referred to as the traps, are responsible for pulling your shoulders up, as in shrugging, and pulling your shoulders back during scapular retraction.
What do the lower traps do?
The lower trapezius muscle stabilises the scapula against the protraction effect produced by the serratus anterior. At the uppermost levels of abduction (120+ degrees) it works to also create posterior tilt of the scapula.
What are the muscle actions?
What are the different types of muscle actions?
- Abduction and adduction. Abduction and adduction occur at ball-and-socket joints like the shoulder and hip.
- Elevation and depression.
- Flexion and extension.
- Inversion and eversion.
- Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion.
- Pronation & supination.
- Protraction and retraction.
What muscles are named for their action?
Muscles Named for Action
- flexor carpi radialis – flexes wrist.
- abductor magnus – abducts the thigh.
- extensor digitorum – extends the fingers.
- levator – lifts a structure.
How is gluteus maximus named?
Similarly, the shapes of some muscles are very distinctive and the names, such as orbicularis, reflect the shape. For the buttocks, the size of the muscles influences the names: gluteus maximus (largest), gluteus medius (medium), and the gluteus minimus (smallest).
What is inversion example?
Inversion is a term used to refer to the inverting of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase.Inversion and an astrophe are the same thing. Examples of Inversion: The ocean blue. To the store, I will go.
What movement is plantar flexion?
Plantar flexion is the movement that allows you to press the gas pedal of your car. It also allows ballet dancers to stand on their toes. The term plantar flexion refers to the movement of the foot in a downward motion away from the body.
What is dorsiflexion movement?
Dorsiflexion is the backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot. This is the extension of your foot at the ankle and your hand at the wrist.Dorsiflexion occurs in your ankle when you draw your toes back toward your shins. You contract the shinbones and flex the ankle joint when you dorsiflex your foot.
What is the pronation position?
Supination and pronation are terms used to describe the up or down orientation of your hand, arm, or foot. When your palm or forearm faces up, it’s supinated. When your palm or forearm faces down, it’s pronated.Pronation means that when you walk, your weight tends to be more on the inside of your foot.
What is flexion movement?
Flexion – bending a joint. This occurs when the angle of a joint decreases. For example, the elbow flexes when performing a biceps curl. The knee flexes in preparation for kicking a ball.Ball and socket joints also allow types of movement called abduction, adduction, rotation and circumduction.
What is the motion of the hand?
The numerous bones, joints, and muscles in the hand produce several movements — flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, opposition, and reposition — and provide for exquisite control of the orientation of the hand and fingers in space (Figure 1).
What is an example of retraction in anatomy?
An example of retraction is moving the jaw bones backwards (e.g. as if grinding teeth).